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Definitions (23)
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nitrogen purging
The process of replacing the air within a binocular with nitrogen, to prevent mold, mildew, or acid etching of lenses. It also helps prevent fogging due to the moisture in atmospheric air.
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apparent angle of view
This is simply the angle of view with the binocular’s magnification figured in. For a 10X magnification and a 5-degree angle of view, the apparent angle of view would be 50 degrees.
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brightness index
The square of the exit pupil diameter. A binocular with a 4mm exit pupil has a brightness index of 16. A common way to measure the brightness of an instrument.
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bak-4 glass
A high-quality, high density barium crown glass used in prisms to minimize internal light scattering, thereby yielding sharper images. Fine quality binoculars generally use BaK-4 glass instead of lower quality BaK-7.
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center focus binoculars
Binoculars using a central focus-control mechanism to allow both eyepieces to be adjusted simultaneously for quick focusing. Virtually all general-purpose binoculars now have this feature.
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close focus
The ability of a binocular to focus closer than the “average” close distance of about 10 feet. A low close-focus number is useful when viewing small objects such as butterflies.
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coatings
All modern binoculars have anti-reflection coatings on lenses and prisms, but multicoating and other complex coating methods reduce internal reflections and increase light transmission for a brighter view. Many companies claim their proprietary coasting systems enhance performance.
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diopter adjuster
A separate adjuster on one eyepiece (usually the right) that allows the user to compensate for the difference between eyes. It’s a feature of all better-quality binoculars.
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exit pupil
The point at which all the light rays passing through the binoculars exit through the eyepiece. To calculate the exit pupil, divide the diameter of the objective lens by the magnification. For example with an 8×40 binocular, the exit pupil is 40 over 8, which equals 5mm. A large exit pupil is important for low-light viewing.
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