Cognitive/Academic Language Proficiency (academic language skills)

The use of two languages interchangeably in speech and in writing often due to lack of fluency in L1 or L2, or in both languages

English Language Learner

NEP — Non-English Proficient LEP — Limited English Proficient FEP — Fluent English Proficient

English-as-a-second-language

IDEA Language Proficiency Test (Oral, Reading, Writing)

First language/home language; first language learned by a student

Second language learned by a student (in our case, usually English)

The language spoken most proficiently by the student.

The level of skill (R, W, L, S) in the use of a particular language.