The terms ability and aptitude are closely related and often difficult to distinguish from each other. Ability, the mental or physical capacity to perform at a given level, is considered to be innate, [..]

in assessment refers to holding individuals or institutions responsible for the outcomes of instruction. For example, you might hear or read that "students are accountable for their school succes [..]

is a measure of the quality and or the quantity of the success one has in the mastery of knowledge, skills, or understandings. References to academic achievement, for example, usually involve performa [..]

Many schools test students using an array of subtests, in a number of academic content areas and at a variety of grade levels under a single overall test name. For example, a particular "Test of [..]

involves the process of "taking stock" of, or understanding, an individual's characteristics, status, or performance, and typically involves considering and interpreting information fro [..]

refers to the evaluation of students' work on activities that students engage in that approximate realistic or real-life tasks and performances, rather than answering traditional paper-and-pencil [..]

This phrase indicates that students will be evaluated against some specific learning, behavior, or performance objective. This objective, and/or the level of performance that represents "competen [..]

refers to evaluating students against an absolute standard of achievement, rather than evaluating them in comparison with the performance of other students. A standard of performance is set to represe [..]

transform raw scores (the actual number of correct responses) into values that allow us to compare one student's performance in relation to the performance of others of the same age or grade, or [..]

represents a judgment or determination of value (e.g., effective or ineffective, or below, at, or above grade level) is placed on some performance.