Definition: (Epiphysis, conarium) Small, flat gland located in the interbrain (diencephalon).

Definition: Alzheimer’s disease is primarily an age-related, chronic, non-infectious disease of the sleep and crown areas of the brain, in which slowly and progressively the nerve cells die and thereby reduce the mental abilities. More than half of all dementia cases are applicable to AD.

Definition: ALS is a disease (death) of the nerve cells (motor neuron) responsible for muscle movement and which are found in the brain stem, the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord. This results in muscular atrophy (paralysis) and muscle tonicity (spasticity) amongst other things. ALS is an infrequent illness. The causes are unknown.

Definition: More precisely: nucleic bases. These molecules belong to the basic building blocks of the DNA and code the genetic information. Four bases are used in the DNA which form, in pairs, the rungs of the double helix (Adenine-Thymine; Guanine-Cytosine). 

Definition: The pressure, generated by the heart, of the blood circulating within the blood vessels.

Definition: Gradual change of a normal cell into a malignant tumour.

Definition: Physiological changes which affect the heart and the blood vessels.

Definition: The central nervous system (CNS) encompasses the spinal cord and the brain as well as its covering membrane. All information from the body and the environment come together and are processed here, and then the reactions generated in the shape of movement, behaviour and organ activity form.

Definition: Swelling of the brain tissue caused by an accumulation of fluid.

Definition: Threadlike structure of DNA and adjacent proteins (“packing”). A human being has 46 chromosomes that hold the genetic make-up (genome).