Process which upgrades vacuum gas oil to lighter more valuable refined products, primarily gasoline.

American Petroleum Institute

Indication of density of crude oil. The higher the density, the lower is the API gravity.

Process which splits crude oil into its constituent fractions.

A standard measure for the volume of crude oil.

The residual product of crude oil vacuum distillation. A black or dark brown solid or semi-solid organic compound that gradually softens and turns to liquid when heated.

Low sulphur crude oil produced in the North Sea and used as the reference against which other crude oils are priced.

Heavy, residual fuel oil used in ships.

Process which increases the octane of a heavy naphtha stream.

The conversion of large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller ones. Cracking is carried out either at high temperatures (thermal cracking), or with the aid of a catalyst and high pressure (catalytic crac [..]