See Diel vertical migration.

Processes on the abdomen of Daphnia that close the brood chamber.

How commonly a taxon or group of taxons occurs. Usually used without units. More precise terms are distribution, prevalence, and density.

1. Process by which populations undergo modification so as to function better than their immediate ancestors in a given environment. 2. Any developmental, behavioral, anatomical, or physiological char [..]

Part of the phenotypic variance of quantitative traits, such as body size or age at maturity. The additive genetic variance is proportional to the expected change attributable to selection and is used [..]

One of a series of possible alternative DNA sequences at a given locus.

Gene product of one of several alleles that have the same function but differ in their amino acid sequence and therefore in their physio-chemical properties so that they migrate different distances in [..]

Form of asexual reproduction. Offspring is formed without meiosis and fertilization. Daughters are genetically identical to their mothers.

Occurs when an adaptation in one species reduces the fitness of individuals in another species, thereby selecting in favor of counter-adaptations in the other species. These counter-adaptations, in tu [..]

See Phyllopoda.