opposite of fracture toughness. A brittle material, however, does not necessarily lack strength.

resistance to the loss of substance from the surface under mechanical or chemical forces such as mastication, tooth brushing, acid attack, and corrosion.

bonding of dissimilar materials by the attraction of atoms or molecules. There is always some attraction between atoms, so adhesive strength is a matter of magnitude. Adhesion can be mechanical or chemical. Chemical adhesion is bonding at atomic or molecular levels and mechanical adhesion is based on interlocking of one surface with another. Chemic [..]

Standardized methods of recording the need for restoration exist to facilitate communication among clinicians, researchers, and dental educators. The most commonly accepted means of classifying cavities is by the names of the surfaces involved. Cavity type is classified further based on the type of treatment and anatomical area involved This classi [..]

are located on the proximal surface of incisors and canines and do

change in length per unit length of a material for a 1°C change in temperature. This coefficient is important in that tooth structure and restorative materials expand when warmed by hot foods or liquids and contract with cold. Such expansion and contraction may result in the breaking of the bond between the tooth and restoration, resulting in leaka [..]

ability to maintain original shade. Can be influenced by wear, water sorption, chemical corrosion, and diet habits.

chemical reaction of a material with its surrounding medium. May result in the release of substances that can be harmful. The oral environment and dental structures present a complex environment that can promote corrosion. The variables of diet, bacterial activity, pharmaceuticals, rinses, smoking, oral hygiene habits, chewing patterns, and chewing [..]

a restoration of a major part or entire clinical crown of a tooth. It may be made of cast metal, cast metal with a veneer of tooth-colored porcelain baked onto its surface, or a "jacket crown" composed entirely of porcelain or ceramic.

cyclic loading causes critical flaws in a material where stress is highest and will eventually cause the material to fail.