The process of determining the relative amounts of nutrients in the soil available to the grass plant.

A tool used to remove a one inch diameter, four to ten inch long soil core from turf areas to examine root development, thatch depth, topsoil depth, soil arrangement, and soil moisture.

The relative proportions of the various soil separates in a soil. The coarseness or fineness of the soil.

see humic acid, A+L Western Method

Aeration commonly refers to the process of using mechanized equipment to either puncture the soil with spikes (spike aeration) or remove approximately 1"x2" cores of soil from the ground (co [..]

See soil structure

Control of pests by the use of living organisms.

Positively charged ions including potassium, calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen.

see humic acid, CDFA Method

The sum total of exchangeable cations that a soil can absorb. The value represents the nutrient-holding capacity of the soil.