When the ball’s lie is primarily below the surface, typically in sand (see “fried egg or “plugged lie”).

The position you take prior to hitting a shot. As defined by “the Rules of Golf”, you have addressed the ball when you have taken your stance and grounded your club behind it.

The closely mown area that surrounds a green (also see fringe).

Ball spin up towards the sky, away from the target.

Movement of the golf club from at rest behind the ball to the top of the swing plane before the pause to the down swing.

An indentation made (most typically) on a green when your ball lands on it.

A coin or token of some kind that you must place behind your ball while it is on the green prior to moving/picking the ball up.

A sand hazard.

Word used to describe a ball that stops on impact rather than continues to roll.

Type of shot made from a sand hazard that displaces a considerable amount of sand.