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Definitions (32)

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a


The ASBATANKVOY was first published by A.S.B.A. in October 1977. A.S.B.A. did not develop the form but, as will be explained, took it over from Exxon, as the company was then known. Exxon had used the identical form, including the arbitration clause, since 1969 in its form known as the EXXONVOY 1969. This form was used not only by Exxon but by many [..]
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bail


Personal security provided by a defendant to the court to prevent the arrest of a ship or to secure its release from arrest. The security takes the form of a bail bond, in which the sureties submit to the jurisdiction of the court and undertake that if the defendants does not pay what may be adjudged against them or what is agreed by settlement, ex [..]
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breakbulk ships


Breakbulk ships, also called general cargo ships, are multipurpose vessels that transport cargos of nonuniform sizes, often on pallets. The inboard space on these ships is usually divided longitudinally by transverse bulkheads into a series of cargo compartments of approximately equal volume. The cargo on a breakbulk ship is handled through large r [..]
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breaking bulk


At common law the general rule was that no dishonest or wrongful act whatever done by a bailee during the bailment could be a trespass or theft, unless in the case of certain acts which were held to destroy the identity of the subject of the bailment, and consequently the bailment itself. Thus, where a bailee of a package or bulk took things out of [..]
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closed operations


Ballasting, loading or discharging operations carried out without recourse to opening ullage and sighting ports. During closed operations, ships will require the means to enable closed monitoring of tank contents, either by a fixed gauging system or by using portable equipment passed through a vapour lock.
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damage

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deviation


This is a technical term in commercial law, meaning the departure of a ship from the course of navigation which is either usual and proper, or one expressly agreed to be followed on the voyage, with reference to which the contract is made. The contracts under which deviation can take place are those of bottomry, affreightment, and marine insurance. [..]
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equity


A principle of fundamental fairness and justice applied by admiralty courts and arbitrators in maritime disputes where the circumstances of the case warrant doing so. As used in maritime law, the term "equity" must not be confused with "Equity", being that body of law administered by a court of Equity such as the Court of Chance [..]
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federal judicial circuits


The thirteen federal judicial circuits of the United States are as follows: District of Columbia District of Columbia First Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island Second Connecticut, New York, Vermont Third Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virgin Islands Fourth Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virg [..]
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gas free


A tank, compartment or container is gas free when sufficient fresh air has been introduced into it to lower the level of any flammable, toxic or inert gas to that required for a specific purpose, e.g. Hot Work, entry etc
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