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Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, AADC, is the enzyme responsible for converting L-DOPA into Dopamine. Within the brain, AADC is most abundant in a region called the substantia nigra, which contain [..]

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a small virus which infects humans and some other primate species without causing disease. AAV can infect both dividing and non-dividing cells and only rarely incorpora [..]

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The growth factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tropomyosin-related kinase receptor type B (TRKB) are produced and trafficked in the adult brain. BDNF becomes deficient in [..]

A cannula (plural: cannulae) is a flexible tube which can be inserted into the body either to withdraw fluid or to deliver medication. The most widely known cannulae are used for intravenous delivery [..]

Complementary DNA (cDNA) is DNA that encodes a protein and is synthesized from a mature messenger RNA template in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. cDNA can be engineered into [..]

Previously called convection-enhanced delivery (CED), pressurized infusions allow for the safe, targeted, homogeneous delivery of agents into small and large tissue volumes at rates multiple orders of [..]

Dopamine is a hormone and neurotransmitter occurring in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. It is important for the control of motor function and neuron-to-neuron [..]

Dystonia (or dyskinesia) is a neurological movement disorder in which sustained muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. (Dyskinesia