extra worksheets, games, books etc. that a teacher uses for teaching materials in addition to a core text (often based on the same theme or skill set)

classroom tasks that learners would unlikely need to do in the real world

person who maintains and develops academic courses and programs; supports teachers

the start and end date of the school year; ESL/EFL often has continuous enrolment even throughout the summer

the sound of a person's voice that distinguishes it from others

has official approval from a reliable body; some TEFL courses/certificates are accredited

student (or teacher) adaptation to a new culture; many believe this is necessary in order for learning to occur in a foreign country

the act of gaining skills and understanding

structured listening in which the listener confirms (in own words) what has been understood

a direct form of expression where the subject acts or performs the verb e.g. "The cat licked the child's hand." (see "passive voice")