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Definitions (110)

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african slave trade


In colonial days right up to the early nineteenth century, Africans were legally kidnapped and sold as slaves in the new World. The United States banned this trade in 1808, and declared it an act of p [..]
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albany movement


On November 1, 1961, in Albany, Georgia, SNCC and the local NAACP tried to desegregate the train stations and bus depots of that city. Albany Police Chief Laurie Pritchett had the demonstrators arrest [..]
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american anti-slavery society


Organization founded in Philadelphia in 1833 by Theodore Weld, an evangelical Christian who was opposed to the more radical views of William Lloyd Garrison of Boston. This society called for gradual e [..]
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atlanta compromise


On September 15, 1885, in a speech in Atlanta, Georgia, black educator Booker T. Washington told his audience that black people must postpone any attempt to gain political power until they had achieve [..]
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& back to africa& campaign


In 1920 in New York City, Marcus Garvey maintained that black separation from a corrupt white society was necessary. He advocated the idea of black people returning to Africa. One of his followers was [..]
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bacon's rebellion


In 1676, Nathaniel Bacon, a prosperous Virginia planter, led a rebellion against the colonial government due to tension between the elite and small farmers. During the rebellion, Bacon founded a coali [..]
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black codes


Laws passed by southern legislatures to control freed blacks during the Reconstruction Era. The codes included severe punishments for vagrancy directed against freedmen who wandered away from their ho [..]
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black muslims


Members of an Islamic black nationalist and black separatist organization which began in the 1930's. Their most famous member, Malcolm X, broke with the organization in 1963 and went on to promot [..]
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black panther party


This organization, founded in Oakland, California, in 1966 by Bobby Seale and Huey Newton, advocated violence as the only way to achieve black power in a country dominated by white supremacists.
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& black power&


A militant movement which advocated separate social, economic, and political institutions for blacks. Advocates of the movement expressed pride in their African heritage and their achievements in Amer [..]
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