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Definitions (151)
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cadet's fuming liquid
heavy brown liquid first prepared by the French chemist Louis Claude Cadet de Gassicourt. Cadet's liquid is highly toxic, smells strongly of garlic, and spontaneously bursts into flame when expos [..]
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cadmia
an older name for the common zinc ore calamine (q.v.); also applied to a sublimed zinc oxide and to a cobalt ore. (The element now called cadmium is often found associated with zinc.) [Agricola] calam [..]
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calcareous earth
calcium oxide, CaO (lime, quicklime). [Black, Lavoisier] caustic ...: calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 (slaked lime) mild ...: calcium carbonate, CaCO3 (chalk, carbonate of lime, cream of lime).
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calcareous gas
James Kier's name for what we call carbon dioxide, CO2 (fixed air) [Kier]
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calces
See calx.
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calcination
formation of a calx, i.e., oxidation of a metal, often by roasting. [Bacon, Black; Lavoisier 1, 2, & 3; Rey] calomel: mercury(I) chloride, Hg2Cl2.
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caloric
a postulated elastic fluid associated with heat. [Avogadro, Davy, Dalton, Lavoisier, et al.]
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calx
a powdery solid formed by roasting a metal or mineral, most often a metal oxide. [Lavoisier 1, Rey, Stahl] Sometimes used for a particular calx, namely lime. carbolic acid: phenol, C6H5OH.
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carbonic acid
formerly referred to carbon dioxide, CO2 (fixed air) [Dalton; but also Arrhenius, Maxwell, Mendeleev, Rutherford, J. J. Thomson et al.]
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carbonic oxide
carbon monoxide, CO [Dalton, Gay-Lussac, Maxwell, Ramsay, T. Thomson et al.]
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