Impervious layer found within the soil. It can result from the precipitation of iron, illuviation of clay or the cementing of sand and gravel by calcium carbonate precipitates.

A general term for a relatively hard layer of soil at or just below the ground surface, cemented by silica, iron oxide, calcium carbonate, or organic matter. compare caliche , claypan, fragipan.

very firm, unyielding ground (many times bare ground) Example: You can find a lot of hardpan on hot dry plains courses.

Dense soil layer under the topsoil that is hard to dig through. hardwood:

A layer of earth so compacted that roots cannot penetrate it. Back to alphabetical list

A bare lie which is very hard and has no grass.

A particularly tough layer of soil

very firm, unyielding ground (many times bare)

A hardened impervious layer, typically of clay, occurring in or below the soil and impairing drainage and plant growth.

A subsurface layer of compacted or cemented soil.

Basically hardpan is the description for very hard ground conditions, usually hard, dry clay, with only little, or no grass inside. At the ground of a hardpan, the golfer has difficulties to take divots, but on the other side the golf ball can easily bounce up. As a result, the golf player will hit many shots thin.

The impervious layer of soil or clay lying beneath the topsoil. Hinderance to some gardening types.  hardiness

An impervious layer of soil or rock that prevents root growth and the downward drainage of water.

Soil so clogged with clay or other particles to prevent proper drainage.

 Dense soil layer under the topsoil that is hard to dig through.

a hardened soil layer that blocks plant root growth. Caused by clay compation, iron precipitation, or cementing by calcium carbonate precipitates. Growing plants like dandelions can loosen it up.

a lie consisting of very hard turf.

The areas in rough, fairways, or other areas with an exception of hazards, having hard ground, as a result of compacting of the soil is called hardpan.

extremely hard ground. Often associated with dried dirt very close to the surface or an area that lacks grass. Almost impossible to take a divot in. Example: "I didn't hit my drive well [..]

Very firm, unyielding ground (many times bare).

a thin crust of material within a soil as a result of the illuviation of iron and/or aluminium from layers above or the precipitation of calcium carbonates which cement sands together.

Turf that is very firm.

(n) crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions

An impervious layer of soil or rock that prevents root growth and the downward drainage of water.

a shallow layer of earth material which has become relatively hard and impermeable, usually through the deposition of minerals. In the Edwards region hardpans of clay are common.

A distinct layer of soil that is largely impervious to water. A dry lake.

A dense, hard soil layer that restricts the penetration of water and roots. It is formed by cementation of particles with sesquioxides, organic matter, silica, or calcium carbonate. The hardness does [..]

A layer of hard soil or clay below the topsoil and below the subsoil that is nearly impossible to dig through without heavy equipment.