Lack of synchrony between the life cycle of a pest and the appropriate stage of its host plant. Pheromone:

A pest insect that feeds on a part of the plant that is not marketed. Insect growth regulator (IGR):

A disease-like plant condition produced by the injection of toxic substances by insects. Plastron:

The presence of several discrete types of behavior by different groups of individuals in colonies of social insects. Polylectic:

A gland associated with reproductive organs of either mates or females and producing substances accompanying the sperms or eggs. Action potential:

A wingless insect of a group believed never to have possessed wings in its past history. Arolium:

The sudden release of a population from its natural enemies, often resulting in a population explosion. Biotype:

The level of damage to a crop that is equal in value to the cost of suppressive measures. Economic threshold (ET):

Having complete metamorphosis, passing through egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages. Homeostasis:

A pheromone that acts to modify the physiological state of an animal. Proctodeum: