the process of concentration of the valuable components of an ore or other mineral commodity. Commonly includes multiple stages such as crushing, grinding, washing, screening, flotation, roasting, etc [..]

type of mining that is typically found in underground coal mines. The coal seam is mechanically extracted and the hanging wall

common mining term for a horizontal to sub–horizontal tunnel driven into a hillside to access an ore body.

a volcanic rock consisting of fragments of pyroclastic

a term applied to igneous rocks which are characterised by relatively high concentrations of sodium and potassium.

deposits of sediment, usually sand and gravel, transported and deposited by a river.

a plate of metal cast in a shape suitable for refining by the electrolytic process.

period of geological time that is the older of the two main Precambrian

a group of detrital, fine grained, sedimentary rocks subdivided into silt grade (particle size range 1/16 to 1/256 mm) and clay grade (particle size < 1/256 mm).

a mineral formed by the combination of arsenic with another chemical element e.g. sperrylite, PtAs2