climatica.org.uk

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Definitions (51)

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pedosphere


The layer at the Earth’s surface where soils and soil forming processes occur. The pedosphere can only develop where there is an interaction between the lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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atmosphere


The layer of gas (dry gases and water vapour) and dust surrounding the Earth,which is subdivided into: Troposphere (closest to Earth’s surface); Stratosphere; Mesosphere; Thermosphere (furthest away from Earth’s surface). Dry gases comprise: 78.09% Nitrogen; 20.95% Oxygen; 0.93% Argon; 0.03% Carbon Dioxide; and trace gases (Neon; Krypton; Helium; M [..]
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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weather


The average atmospheric conditions at a given time and location. This incorporates parameters such as: temperature, precipitation, atmospheric pressure and wind speed.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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water stress


The IPCC (Bates et al., 2008) define a watershed/river basin as being water stressed when either water availability per person, per year is below 1,000 m3 (100 m2) based on long-term average runoff; or the ratio of water withdrawals to long-term average annual runoff is above 0.4.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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topography


Features of the Earth’s surface such as valleys and mountains.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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thermohaline circulation


Global ocean water circulation that is driven by changes in temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). This is one of the dominant drivers of ocean currents.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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taxon


The term used for a group or groups of populations of a particular organism.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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speleothem


Chemically precipitated deposits within caves. This term encompasses forms such as stalagmites and stalactites and are typically composed of calcite, aragonite or silica.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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sediment


Most commonly refers to unconsolidated particles that are derived from rocks and have been transported and deposited elsewhere. Sediments cover a range of particle sizes from boulders to clay. Other materials, such as peat deposits, are also classed as sediments despite not originating from rocks.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)

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quaternary


The most recent Geological time period spanning the last 2.6 million years.
Source: climatica.org.uk (offline)


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