Being held responsible for the actions that lead to a crime. Youth are seen as less accountable than adults; their accountability is measured on the basis of the greater dependency of young persons and their lower level of maturity. (ch. 14, p. 376)

Allowable as evidence in a case. (ch. 6, p. 165)

System of justice in which cases are argued by two opposing sides, the prosecution and the defence, both of which are responsible for fully and forcefully presenting their respective positions; cases are heard and decided by an impartial judge. (ch. 4, p. 101)

Elements in the crime or in the life circumstances of an offender that may permit a judge to sentence the offender to a longer term in prison before being eligible to apply for parole or conditional release. (ch. 8, p. 206)

The combined total of all sentences being served by an individual. (ch. 12, p. 298)

Process through which new police powers can be created by way of common law (also known as case law or precedent). This means that the law is developed by judges through decisions of the courts, rather than through legislative action by Parliament. (ch. 4, p. 102)

The science of measuring the size, weight, and proportions of the human body in criminal cases. (ch. 7, p. 182)

Taking or keeping of a person in custody by legal authority, especially in response to a criminal offence. (ch. 4, p. 104)

Document signed by a judge or a justice of the peace authorizing a police officer to apprehend a specific person for a specified reason and bring that person before a justice of the peace. (ch. 4, p. 104)