Presumed to be at some risk of extinction, but there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect assessment of this risk based on its distribution and/or population status (IUCN definition).

A measure of a stock’s ability to maintain its SSB at a level below which recruitment will decline substantially. RC is determined by comparing the SSB to the biomass limit reference point (Blim) and the biomass precautionary approach reference point (Bpa).

Cultivation or farming of any aquatic species – marine or freshwater, plant or animal.

A type of bottom trawl in which the horizontal opening of the net is provided by a heavy beam mounted at each end on guides or skids which travel along the seabed. On sandy or muddy bottoms, a series of ‘tickler’ chains are strung between the skids ahead of the net to stir up the fish from the seabed and chase them into the net. On rocky grounds, t [..]

Bottom-dwelling.

The total weight of a group (or stock) of living organisms or of some defined fraction of it (e.g. spawners), in a given area, at a particular time.

Biomass corresponding to maximum sustainable yield (MSY). Often used as a biological reference point in fisheries management, it is the long-term average biomass expected if fishing at the rate of FMSY (see Fishing mortality).

A trawl designed to work at the sea bottom. The lower edge of the net opening drags along the seabed, and is normally protected by a thick ground rope and ballasted with chains, sinkers, rubber discs, bobbins, etc. Bottom trawls include low-opening trawls for demersal species such as beam trawls and shrimp trawls, and high-opening demersal otter tr [..]

Eggs, juveniles or adults of a species, from which a first or subsequent generation may be produced in captivity, whether for growing in aquaculture or for release to the wild for stock enhancement.

The part of a catch other than the adults of the target species, which is taken incidentally. Some or all of it may be returned to the sea as discards, usually dead or dying.