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Definitions (45)

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particle beams


A stream of particles guided into a defined direction by anparticle accelerator.
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tevatron


A proton accelerator at Fermilab which can accelerate protons tonearly one trillion electron volts (1 TeV). Two detectors, CDF and D0,detect the results when these protons collide. Recently these detectors havedetected the heaviest-known quark, the top.
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desy


The Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) in Hamburg.The HERA accelerator is located at DESY.
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hera


HERA is an electron-protoncollider at DESY, which uses theelectrons as a probe to understand the structure of the proton.The results of these collisions are detected by two detectors, ZEUSand H1.
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fermilab


The Fermi National AcceleratorLaboratory which is situated 30 miles west of Chicago.The Tevatron accelerator is located at Fermilab.
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lep


The Large Electron Positron collider, the world's largest particleaccelerator, which is 26.7 km in circumference and some 100 metres underground,situated at CERN. LEP collides electrons and positrons atenergies sufficent to produce the Z and (soon) W particles, carriers of theweak force.
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cp violation


In almost all circumstances antimatter seen in a mirror behaveslike normal matter. Very occasionally, in the decay of kaons (andperhaps in the decay of B-mesons, though this has not yet been seen), thisrule is violated. This is known as CP violation.Experimental Particle Physics
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particle physics


Particle Physics is the study of thebasic elements of matter and the forces acting among them. It aims to determinethe fundamental laws that control the make up of matter and the physicaluniverse.
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tera electron volt


One trillion electron volts, or 1,000 GeV.So far the most powerful accelerators in the world (eg. the Tevatron atFermilab) can produce beams of protons with an energy of about 1 TeV.
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giga electron volt


One billion electron Volts, or 1,000,000,000 eV.The energy-equivalent (E=mc^2) of the mass of a proton is about 1 GeV.
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