Trend in the foundations of Mathematics associated with the names of Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell, which asserts that mathematics is a branch of Logic and can be constructed without recourse to [..]

Trend in the foundations of Mathematics associated with Luitzen Bruuwer which seeks to construct mathematics on the basis of rational intuition, and rejects the validity of the Law of the Excluded Mid [..]

Having its origins in the Renaissance and reaching its zenith in the Enlightenment, Humanism is the system of views which makes the human being its central value, as opposed to abstract notions such a [..]

Philosophers have wrestled with the problem of ‘Free Will’ since ancient times. If the world is governed by objective laws, how is it possible for people to determine thier own fate? The dialectical u [..]

Ethics is the study of how people live which is concerned with the concepts of Values and Rights and Will. Ethics is concerned with morality (ethics when referred back to self), right and wrong, decis [..]

Epistemology is the study of the origins, limits and validity of Knowledge.

Dialectics is the method of reasoning which aims to understand things concretely in all their movement, change and interconnection, with their opposite and contradictory sides, as opposed to the forma [..]

Deism means belief in God as a prime cause or creator of the world, after which God has no hand in its affairs. Like Pantheism, Deism is a form of belief in God which provides a basis for materialisti [..]

In the section on Synthetic Cognition in the Science of Logic, Hegel makes a criticism of the formal kind of reasoning based on Definitions and Axioms, an aribtrary division of the subject matter and [..]

Consciousness is the most fundamental category of philosophy in that it refers to all that is given as such in contrast to that which exists outside consciousness (Matter) and which is in one way or a [..]