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Definitions (33)
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assessment
A systematic and ongoing effort to collect, analyze, and interpret evidence that describes institutional, departmental, divisional, or program effectiveness, ultimately to improve student learning and development.
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formative assessment
Refers to assessment that is carried out throughout the course, project, or time-frame to provide feedback regarding whether the objective is being met. Formative assessment may be conducted for the following reasons: program improvement; to provide feedback to improve teaching, learning, and curricula; to identify students’ strengths/weaknesses an [..]
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summative assessment
Refers to assessment that is carried out at the end of a course, project, or time-frame to evaluate whether the objective was achieved (i.e., the overall performance). Thus, it is typically used to assign course grades. Summative assessment may be conducted for the following reasons: evaluation and accountability; decision-making regarding fund all [..]
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assessment method
Refers to how the outcome or goal is assessed. The assessment method describes generally how the information/data will be collected, which may involve either direct or indirect measurement. Additionally the method specifies from whom the data will be collected and at what time points. Example assessment methods include but are not limited to evalua [..]
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direct measurement
Measures that require the student to demonstrate his/her knowledge and skills in response to the instrument. Examples of direct measurement include 1) achievement tests such as objective tests; 2) student academic work such as essays, presentations, portfolios, and course assignments; 3) observations or case studies.
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indirect measurement
Measures that ask students to reflect on their learning rather than to demonstrate it. Examples of indirect measurement include self-report methods such as surveys, interviews, and focus groups.
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assessment instrument
The assessment instrument refers to the specific tool or means of collecting the desired information. Example assessment instruments include but are not limited to interviews, portfolio evaluations, scoring rubics, standardized tests, and surveys.
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quantitative measurement
Measures that assess objectives by collecting numeric data and analyzing the data using statistical techniques. Examples of quantitative data include GPA, grades, exam scores; forced-choice survey responses; demographic information; standardized teaching evaluations.
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qualitative measurement
Measures that rely on and evaluate descriptions rather than numeric data. Examples of qualitative data include responses to open-ended survey or interview questions; evaluations of writing samples, portfolios, or formal recitals; participant observations; ethnographic studies.
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assessment plan
A document that outlines the student learning outcomes (for academic programs) or unit outcomes (for support units), assessment methods used to collect evidence related to the attainment of each outcome, and the intervals at which the evidence is collected and reviewed.
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