water-research.net

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Definitions (136)

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about


Water Research Center
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This listing of water-related terms is intended to reduce the potential for misunderstanding presentations made by elected officials, environmental agencies and news reporters. The definitions and associated explanations provide working knowledge of water. Some terminology could be defined differently to describe water supply issues in other locati [..]
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new free manual describing drinking water quality (coauthored by mr. brian oram


 
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absorption


is the process by which chemicals in gaseous, liquid or solid phases are incorporated into and included within another gas, liquid, or solid chemical. For example, sponges absorb water.  
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acceptable daily intake


is the chemical ingestion level determined by combining the maximum No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) with the addition of an uncertainty (safety) factor. Chemicals with ADI levels usually are not considered or suspected to be carcinogens. This classification results from toxicity data collected during prolonged ingestion studies conducted o [..]
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acidity


The base neutralizing capacity of a water is known as acidity. Acids contribute to corrosiveness, influence chemical reactions, and chemical/biological processes. Acidity is determined using a titrametric or potentiometric method.  
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acre-foot


is the volume of water (325,851 gallons of water) required to cover one acre of land with 12 inches of water.  
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adsorption


is the adherence of gas molecules, ions or solutions to the surface of solids. For example, odors from freezers and refrigerators are adsorbed to baking soda.  
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advection


is the process by which chemicals and heat are transported along with the bulk motion of flowing gas or liquid. For example, nitrates move through soils and aquifer formations due predominantly to the bulk motion or movement of water.  
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alkalinity


The acid neutralizing capacity of a water is known as alkalinity. For surface waters alkalinity has been called "The Protector of the Stream", since the alkalinity of the water rests sudden changes in the pH of the stream associated with the influx of acid deposition, water containing organic acids, groundwater discharges or indus [..]
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