An accumulation of calcium carbonate at or near the soil surface.

A crust of coarse sediments or weathered soil rich in calcium carbonate. It forms when lime-rich groundwater rises to the surface by capillary action and evaporates into a crumbly powder, forming a to [..]

Gravel, sand, or desert debris cemented by calcium carbonate, an accumulated product of chemical weathering in a dry climate. compare claypan, fragipan, hardpan.

sodium nitrate deposits in Chile and Peru, 1858, from American Spanish, from Spanish caliche "pebble in a brick," from Latin calx "pebble" (see chalk (n.)).

n. A sedimentary deposit commonly made of calcium carbonate and formed from the leaching of minerals from the top layers of soil. Caliche deposits characterize arid and semi-arid environments.

Layers of very hard soil particles bound by calcium carbonate, found in arid regions; usually light colored

surface soil particles cemented together by lime (calcium carbonate). Lumps of it can block water, curtail root growth, and cause iron deficiency in nearby plants. Calorie: a quantity of energy equal to the amount of heat required to raise one gram of pure water from 14.5 to 15.5° Celsius under standard atmospheric pressure. Calving: breaking off o [..]

an alkaline salt deposit (crust) created by salinisation.

(n) crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions(n) nitrate-bearing rock or gravel of the sodium nitrate deposits of Chile and Peru

Also called hardpan; an opaque, reddish-brown-to-white calcareous material, which occurs in layers near the surface of stony soils in arid and semiarid areas.

A hard, white soil horizon, rich in calcium carbonate, that commonly forms in arid and semi-arid areas.

A broad term for the more or less cemented deposits of calcium carbonate in many soils of warm, temperate areas, as in the southwestern states. When it is very near the surface or exposed by erosion, the material hardens.

One or more layers of calcium carbonate deposited as water holding the carbonates in suspension evaporates. This is similar to hard water deposits on drying dishes.

Under ground deposit of Calcium Carbonate. The deposit is formed primarily in the arid desert areas as moisture precipitates down through the ground soil. As the moisture evaporates the calcium carbon [..]

(mineral) A crude form of sodium nitrate from South America; used as a fertilizer. A layer of hard clay subsoil or sedimentary rock; hardpan. * '''1929''', US Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, ''Soi [..]