outermost soil layer of the geosphere/lithosphere.

the blanket of gas that surrounds the entire planet and extends to the edge of space. The atmosphere includes air, precipitation, clouds, and atmospheric aerosols.

area of land where all the water that is under it or drains off of it goes into the same place.

evaporation of water from plant leaves.

deep ocean currents controlled by temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). Saltier water is more dense and therefore sinks. The motion of this heavier water results in vertical mixing of the ocean [..]

a set of interacting or interdependent parts working together.

place where energy, water, and elements are stored.

the acquisition of information about an object by a recording device that is not in physical contact with it. Today, the term is commonly used to describe the process of collecting, viewing, interpret [..]

the solid Earth (rock materials on the surface and in Earth's interior layers) and soil. See geosphere.

narrow band of air that moves from west to east around the Earth at relatively high speeds (sometimes exceeding 320 kilometers per hour).