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Definitions (315)
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psychological realityThe extent to which the constructs of linguistic theory can be taken to have a basis in the human mind, i.e. to somehow be reflected in human cognitive structures. Many linguists are divided on this i [..]
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ease of articulationA putative reason for sound change. It may play a role in allegro speech and possibly effect the sound system over time but cannot be assumed to be a generally valid principle on the phonological leve [..]
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universalAny feature or property which holds for all languages. These are few and far between though near-universals, i.e. those which are good for the vast majority of languages, are more common and often mor [..]
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typological classificationThe ordering of language on the basis of shared grammatical structure rather than on historical or genetic grounds.
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typologyThe description of the grammatical structure of language independently of genetic relationships. There are many commonalities between languages which result from morphological principles so that this [..]
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syntheticA language which is characterised by an extensive inflectional morphology, e.g. Latin and Modern German. This type contrasts with analytic and can be taken to have developed historically from the latt [..]
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polysyntheticA reference to a language which has large complex words in which several grammatical categories are fused together. See Incorporating.
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linguistic universalsA postulated set of linguistic features which are common to all languages and which ultimately derive from our psychological make-up and our perception of the world, e.g. the existence of subject, pre [..]
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linguistic areaA part of the world in which several genetically unrelated languages are spoken but which nonetheless show structural similarities. Such areas usually form an approximate geographical unit, e.g. the B [..]
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isolating languageA language type where individual words do not vary in form and where grammatical categories and relations are indicated by separate words and/or by word-order. English is fairly isolating; Chinese muc [..]
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