Strategies that are outside but complement game planning to enhance performance such a nutrition, planning and strength and conditioning.

A principle of attack in which the attacking team applies pressure by retaining possession, by being in their opponent’s territory, by playing at pace while at the same time having patience so the advantage is not lost.

A principle of defence that prevents the attack going forward by tackling and which judges the tackle by the degree to which it contributes to regaining possession.

From a source of possession this is a line of players across the field who are in a position to threaten the defence and pass the ball to where they have an advantage so that they can go forward and, at least, get to the gain lin.

The two wingers and the fullback who operate as a unit especially in defence to catch kick options and launch a counter attack. The fullback – “Wings on strings”, usually directs them.

A kick made by the distributor behind the source of possession that goes directly forward and is high enough for onside players in the attack to chase and contest the ball.

The side of the field from scrum ruck and maul nearest to the touchline.

The ELV’s have included all rucks and mauls under the category of breakdown. Their function is to create a contest for possession and offside lines so that the team winning the ball has some linear space ahead so that the attack had time to attack.

A short, high kick, usually over the head of a nearby defender. It is similar to the box kick but made with the kicker on the run hoping to get past the defense line and re-gather the ball.

The clean out occurs when players drive the opposition players away from the ball at the contest after the tackle is completed.