Branching and rejoining. Geologists describe the braided channels of the Channeled Scabland as "anastomosing."

Volcanic igneous rock related to granite.

Area of Mars where the Mars Pathfinder and Sojourner Rover landed.

Fragments of less than 2 millimeters in diameter of lava or rock blasted into the air by volcanic explosions.

A mound of gravel and sand deposited by flowing water. Bretz and other geologists identified many large bars in the Channeled Scablands.

Volcanic rock caused by partial melting of the Earth's crust.

Solid layers of rock in the Earth's crust beneath soil.

A large volcanic depression, commonly circular or elliptical when seen from above, caused by a volcano collapsing into itself.

One or more layers of calcium carbonate deposited as water holding the carbonates in suspension evaporates. This is similar to hard water deposits on drying dishes.

A waterfall with a single, sheer drop. Usually with a large volume of water flowing over the falls.